Cacao
Cacao
Etymology: Theo~Bromine ; Theo-broma, meaning from, Theo: God and Broma: Food
Extraction:
Two samples were prepared. One fresh sample and one sample as processed and roasted seeds. Roasted seeds were dual extracted using ~95% ABV Ethanol and DI water in a soxhlet apparatus. Seeds were calcined for ten plus hours before cohobation. Solvent scheme was determined based on the work of Zhong, Jilaung in the Journal of Chemical Engineering (1). Caffeine and theobromine were the main targets of this extraction, thus water was used first and subsequently ethanol. The dual extract was combined to a 25% final abv based on the concept of following the natural occuring ratios of active compounds with their ideal sovlents. Ethanol : Caffeine and Water : Theobromine as indicated in the data table below. about a 1:4 ratio of theobromine to caffeine.
Cacao enhances cerebral flow, provides neuroprotective, neurogenerative and synaptogenic effects enhancing cognitive functioning in adults and children (4). Theobromine is another stimulant that provides effects like caffeine but with less intensity and side affects. Its physical structure is close to that of caffeine but its physological actions are slightly different, however the effects are complimentary and conducive to enhancing the overall quality of life through a well balanced and moderated usage.
Sources
Sollubility and solvent data of Cacao: Theobromine, Theophylline, and Caffeine
Zhong, Jialun; Tang, Ning; Asadzadeh, Behnaz; Yan, Weidong (2017). Measurement and Correlation of Solubility of Theobromine, Theophylline, and Caffeine in Water and Organic Solvents at Various Temperatures. Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data, (), acs.jced.7b00065–.doi:10.1021/acs.jced.7b00065
Antioxidant and polyphenol content
Indiarto R, Pranoto Y, Santoso U, Supriyanto. <i>In vitro </i>Antioxidant Activity and Profile of Polyphenol Compounds Extracts and their Fractions on Cacao Beans. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences : PJBS. 2019 Jan;22(1):34-44. DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2019.34.44. PMID: 30796767.
Review of anti cancer properties and isolation of active constituents
Baharum Z, Akim AM, Hin TY, Hamid RA, Kasran R. Theobroma cacao: Review of the Extraction, Isolation, and Bioassay of Its Potential Anti-cancer Compounds. Trop Life Sci Res. 2016;27(1):21-42.
(4) They also provoke angiogenesis, neurogenesis and changes in neuron morphology, mainly in regions involved in learning and memory. Epicatechin improves various aspects of cognition in animals and humans
Nehlig A. The neuroprotective effects of cocoa flavanol and its influence on cognitive performance. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2013;75(3):716-727. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.2012.04378.x
Gu Y, Hurst WJ, Stuart DA, Lambert JD. Inhibition of key digestive enzymes by cocoa extracts and procyanidins. J Agric Food Chem. 2011;59(10):5305-5311. doi:10.1021/jf200180n
Rossi Indiarto, Yudi Pranoto, Umar Santoso and Supriyanto , 2019. In vitro Antioxidant Activity and Profile of Polyphenol Compounds Extracts and their Fractions on Cacao Beans. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 22: 34-44.DOI:10.3923/pjbs.2019.34.44URL:https://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=pjbs.2019.34.44
Cacao
Etymology: Theo~Bromine ; Theo-broma, meaning from, Theo: God and Broma: Food
Extraction:
Two samples were prepared. One fresh sample and one sample as processed and roasted seeds. Roasted seeds were dual extracted using ~95% ABV Ethanol and DI water in a soxhlet apparatus. Seeds were calcined for ten plus hours before cohobation. Solvent scheme was determined based on the work of Zhong, Jilaung in the Journal of Chemical Engineering (1). Caffeine and theobromine were the main targets of this extraction, thus water was used first and subsequently ethanol. The dual extract was combined to a 25% final abv based on the concept of following the natural occuring ratios of active compounds with their ideal sovlents. Ethanol : Caffeine and Water : Theobromine as indicated in the data table below. about a 1:4 ratio of theobromine to caffeine.
Cacao enhances cerebral flow, provides neuroprotective, neurogenerative and synaptogenic effects enhancing cognitive functioning in adults and children (4). Theobromine is another stimulant that provides effects like caffeine but with less intensity and side affects. Its physical structure is close to that of caffeine but its physological actions are slightly different, however the effects are complimentary and conducive to enhancing the overall quality of life through a well balanced and moderated usage.
Sources
Sollubility and solvent data of Cacao: Theobromine, Theophylline, and Caffeine
Zhong, Jialun; Tang, Ning; Asadzadeh, Behnaz; Yan, Weidong (2017). Measurement and Correlation of Solubility of Theobromine, Theophylline, and Caffeine in Water and Organic Solvents at Various Temperatures. Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data, (), acs.jced.7b00065–.doi:10.1021/acs.jced.7b00065
Antioxidant and polyphenol content
Indiarto R, Pranoto Y, Santoso U, Supriyanto. <i>In vitro </i>Antioxidant Activity and Profile of Polyphenol Compounds Extracts and their Fractions on Cacao Beans. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences : PJBS. 2019 Jan;22(1):34-44. DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2019.34.44. PMID: 30796767.
Review of anti cancer properties and isolation of active constituents
Baharum Z, Akim AM, Hin TY, Hamid RA, Kasran R. Theobroma cacao: Review of the Extraction, Isolation, and Bioassay of Its Potential Anti-cancer Compounds. Trop Life Sci Res. 2016;27(1):21-42.
(4) They also provoke angiogenesis, neurogenesis and changes in neuron morphology, mainly in regions involved in learning and memory. Epicatechin improves various aspects of cognition in animals and humans
Nehlig A. The neuroprotective effects of cocoa flavanol and its influence on cognitive performance. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2013;75(3):716-727. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.2012.04378.x
Gu Y, Hurst WJ, Stuart DA, Lambert JD. Inhibition of key digestive enzymes by cocoa extracts and procyanidins. J Agric Food Chem. 2011;59(10):5305-5311. doi:10.1021/jf200180n
Rossi Indiarto, Yudi Pranoto, Umar Santoso and Supriyanto , 2019. In vitro Antioxidant Activity and Profile of Polyphenol Compounds Extracts and their Fractions on Cacao Beans. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 22: 34-44.DOI:10.3923/pjbs.2019.34.44URL:https://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=pjbs.2019.34.44
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